TABLE XII.-Showmg Dzmenswns, éfc., of Famous Atlanta: Lmers, 1819-1910. I

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Feet. Feet. Feet. Tons. Knts. Lb.

Savannah . . . Colonel Stevens . 1819 New York Wood 130 26 16,5 1,850 320 6 Paddles 10 90 Royal William . City of Dublin Co. 1838 Liverpool, , 145 27 17.5 1,980 720 7,5, , 5 400 Sirius . Brit. & Amer. St. Nav. Co. 1858 Leith, , X78 25.5 18,2 1,995 703 8.5 15 600 Great Westem . . Great Western S. S. Co., 1838 Bristol, , 212 35.3 23.2 2,300 1,340 8.5, , 15 75° British Queen . . Brit. 8: Amer. St. Nav. Co. 1839 London, , 275 37.5 27,0 2,970 1,863 8, , 15 700 lBritannia, Cunard .... 1840 Greenock, , 207 34.5 22.5 2, o5o I, I5O 8 5, , 12 740 Great Britain . . Great Western . 1843 Bristol Iron 274 48.2 31.5 5,780 3,270 rx Single Screw 25 1,500 America. . . Cunard 1848 Greenock Wood 251 38 25.3 4 250 1,825 xo.25 Paddles 13 I 400 Asia . . Cunard . 1830, ,, , 268 45 24 3,620 2,227 12 H 15 2,000 Arctic . Collins . 1350 New Vork, , 282 45 31.5 6,200 2,860 12.5 H 11 2,000 Persia . Cunard ... 1856 Glasgow Iron 360 45 29,9 7,130 3,300 12.5 H zo 3,600 Adriatic . Collins .... 1857 New York Wood 355 50 35.0 7,564 3,670 13.5, , 25 4,000 Great Eastern . . Great Eastern S.S. Co. 2858 Millwall Iron 680 82.8 48.2 32,160 18,915 13 S, Screw and Paddles 30 11,000 Scotia . Cunard .. 1862 Glasgow, , 379 47.8 3o.5 7,600 3,871 13,5 Paddles 25 4,000 City of Paris . Inman . 1866, ,, , 346 40.4 26.2 6,411 2,651 13,5 Single Screw 30 z,6co Russia Cunard 1867, ,, , 358 43 28,8 6,770 2,959 13.5, ,, , 25 z 500 City of Brussels . Inman 1869, ,, , 390 40.3 27.1 6,900 3,081 14,5, ,, , 30 3,000 Oceanic . . White Star . 1871 Belfast, , 420 41 31 7,240 3,707 14.75 65 3,000 City of Richmond . Inman X874 Glasgow, , 441 43.5 34 9,320 4,623 15 70 4,000 Britannic .. White Star 1874 Belfast, , 455 45.2 33.7 9,600 5, oQo 16, 75 5 wo City of Berlin . Inman, 1875 Greenock, , 488.5 44.2 35 10,100 5,491 16 75 5,200 Arizona, Guion 1879 Glasgow, , 450.2 45.4 35.7 9, goo 5,147 16.25 Q0 6,300 Servia , . Cunard . . 1881, , Steel 515 52.1 37.9 I2, § OO 7,392 16,5 go Iz,000 City of Rome lnman ' 1881 Barrow Iron 560.z 5203 37 13,500 8,144 17.5, ,, , Q0 11,500 Alaska Guion . 1881 Glasgow, , 500 50 38 9,500 7,142 17,75, ,, , 100;1,000 Notting-Hill Notting-Hill S. S. Co. 1881, , Steel 420 45.1 26.5 6,210 3,920 12 Twin Screw loo 2,800 Aurania. ' Cunard 1882, ,, , 470 57,2 37.3 13,360 7,209 17 Single Screw 90 8,500 Oregon Guion and Cunard 1383 Iron 5oz 54,2 40 12,500 7,375 IQ, ,, , 110 I3, coo America National . 1884 Steel 432 51.3 38,6 9,550 5,528 18.7§ , ,, Q5 8,300 Etruria Cunard ' 1885, , 501 S7 3 38,2 13,300 8,120 19.5, ,, , no 14 500 Alle: . North German Lloyd 1886, ,, , 438 48 34,6 10,460 5,400 16.5, ,, , 150 8,200 City of Paris (second of

name) .... Inman . 1889, ,, , 527.6 63.2 59.2 17,650 10,670 21 Twin Screw 150 18,500 Teutonic White Star, 1889 Belfast, , 566 57.8 39.2 16,740 9,934 20, ,, , ISO 17,500 Fiirst Bismarck Hamburg<American 1890 Stettin, , 502.6 57.6 38 15,200 8,874 19.5, ,, , 160 17,000 Campania . Cunard 1893 Glasgow, , 5<;8 65 43 21,000 12,950 22 X65 30,000 St Louis ... American . 1895 Philadelphia, , 535.7 63 42 16,000 11,630 21, 200 szo.500 Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse North German Lloyd X897 Stettin, , 625 66 43 23,760 '14,350 23 178 32,000 Kaiser Friedrich. North German Lloyd, 1808 Danzig, , 584 64 41 20,100 12,000 21.5, 226 27,000 Oceanic (second of name) White Star . 1899 Belfast, 685 68 44.5 26,100 17,274 21.5 IQ2 29,000 Deutschland (second of

name) . Hamburg-American . 1899 Stettin, , 666 65.5 45.5 24,400 14,500 23.25 225 56,000 Kronprinz Wilhelm North German Lloyd 1901, ,, 637.3 66.3 39.3 22,300 14,908 23.41 213 35,000 Celtic . . White Star 1901 Belfast, , 680.9 75.3 44.1 31,900 20,904 17.0 no 13,000 Kaiser Wilhelm II . North German Lloyd IQ02 Stettin, , 684.3 72.5 40.2 z6,000 19,36I- 23.71, 2I§ 42,000 Finland, Red Star . 1902 Philadelphia, , 56:>.o 6o.2 38.4 12,185 x6~o 170 IO 000 Cedric .. White Star 1903 Belfast, , 680.9 75.3 44.1 38,000 21,035 x6::> 210 15,000 Baltic .. White Star . x9o4, ,, , 709.2 75.6 52,6 40,700 23,876 16.0 210 13,000 Kaiserin Auguste Victoria Hamburg-American 1905 Stettin, , 677.5 77.3 50.2 43,000 24,581 17.5, 213 16,700 La Provence Cie Générale Transatlantique

1905 St Nazaire, , 602.3 65.0 38,3 19,160 13,753 22.0, ,, , 198 30,000 Carmania Cunard .. 1905 Glasgow, , 650.4 72.2 40 31,000 I9, § 24 zo.o Parsons Turbines 3 Screws 195 2I, DOO

Caronia Cunard 1905, ,, 650.0 72.2 40.2 31,000 19,687 19.0 Twin Screw 210 21,000 Amerika Hamburg-American 1905 Belfast, , 669.0 74.3 47.8 42,000 22,622 17.5, ,, , 210 15,800 Kronprinzessin Cecilie North German Lloyd 1906 Stettin, , 685.4 72.2 40.5 27,000 19,503 23,58, ,, , 213 45,000 Nieuw Amsterdam Holland Amerika 1006 Belfast, , 690.3 68,9 35.6 31,000 16,967 16.0, ,, , 215 10,000 Adriatic White Star 1906, ,, , 7og.2 75.5 52.6 40,800 24,541 18.0, ,, , 210 16,000 Mauretania. Cunard 1go7 Newcastle, , 7621 88.0 57.1 42,000 31,938 26.06 Parsons Turbines 195 70,000 Lusitania. Cunard . 1907 Glasgow, , 762.2 87.8 56.6 42,000 31,550 25.85 4 Screws 195 70,000 Rotterdam . Holland Amerika 1908 Belfast, , 650.5 77.4 43.5 37,200 24,149 17.0 Twin Screw 215 x5,000 Lapland . Red Star IOO8, ,, , 605.8 70.4 37.4 30,500 17,540 17.5, ,, , . x3, o<>o George Washington North German Lloyd 1908 Stettin, , 699.1 78.2 5o, x 37,000 25,570 19.0, ,, , 213 20,000 Minnewaska Atlantic Transport Co. 1909 Belfast, , 600.3 65.4 39.6 26,530 14,317 16.0, . H 214 11,000

Combination of Par- I

Titanic White Star 1910, , 850.o 92.5 64,5 52,300 43,500 21.0 sons Turbines and j ZIS 50,000 Olympic White Star , ,, 850.0 9: 5 64.5 57,300 43,500 21.0 j Reciprocating En- ' 215 50,000 gines, 3 Screws

The Hamburg-American Company followed a similar course to the Nhite Scar Line and added two large vessels of 17% knots speedthe “ Amerika " of 22,622 tons gross, built b Messrs Harland & Wolff, and the “ Kaiserin Auguste Victoria ” (filg. 32, Plate VlI.), of 2,581 tons gross, built at Stettin. The largest German vessel a oat in X910 was the “George Washington, " built in 1908 at Stettin for the North German Lloyd.

The Hambur -American Company ordered in 1910 two vessels, not only much larger than the “ George Washington, " but exceeding even the “ Olympic " in dimensions. They were said to be over 900 ft. long over all, 94 to 95 ft. beam, 20,000 tons gross greater tonnage than the “ George Washington, " 13,000 tons more than “ Mauretania ” and 2000 tons more than “ Titanic " and “ Olympic "; turbines of 60,000 to 70,000 H.P. being provided to maintain a speed of 22 knots across the Atlantic. The Cunard Company ordered in Dec. 1910 a 50,000-ton turbine-driven ship from John Brown & Co., to steam at 23 knots on service.

The “ Minnewaska " of the Atlantic Transport Company is typical of vessels on the Atlantic route carrying a large cargo together with a limited number of passengers of one class. Three hundred and twenty-six fxrst-class passengers are carried and provided with excellent accommodation. When fully loaded the displacement is over 26,000 tons and the speed 16 knots; the horse-power required being only a sixth that of the fast Cunarders. To large numbers of passengers the additional period on the voyage is no disadvantage, while the transport of a large cargo at the relatively high speed of 16 knots is a great advantage.

Canadian Liners.-With the increasing trade between Europe and Canada the direct Canadian liners increased in numbers and importance, and now bear favourable comparison with the great liners running between Europe and the United States. The “ Victorian " and “ Virginian " of the Allan line, built in 1904 and 1905 and plying between Liverpool and Montreal, were the first ocean liners to be fitted with Parsons turbines; they are 520 ft. long, 60 ft. 5 in. beam, 38 ft. moulded depth and 10,629 tons gross; and they can carry 1500 passengers and a large cargo at a speed of 17 knots. They were followed in 1906 by the “ Empress of Britain ” and “ Empress of Ireland, " built by the Fairfield Company for the Canadian Pacific Railway Company; they are 570 ft. long over all, 549 ft. between perpendiculars, 65 ft. 6 in. beam, 36 ft. 8 in. depth moulded, tonnage 14,189 gross tons, displacement 20,000 tons at 28 ft. draught; quadruple-expansion engines of 18,000 I.H.P. are fitted and a speed of over 20 knots was obtained on trial. Excellent accommodation is provided for 1580 passen ers; and a considerable quantity of meat can be carried in insulated holds provided with refrigerating

arrangements, besides a large general cargo, a total of 6500 tons