square erections, like a shrine or small temple, surmounted

by a canopy called from its shape a T They were then more than a third of the height of the dome itself 'I he total height of this Sakiya tope will therefore have been approximately a httle under 50 ft It was probably surrounded by a carved wooden railing, but this has long since disappeared All such monuments hitherto discovered in India were put up in honour of some religious teacher, not in memory of royal persons, generous benefactors, pohticans, or soldiers or private persons however distinguished. And we need have no hesitation in accepting this as a monument put up over a portion of the ashes from the funeral pyre of Gotama the Buddha The account of the death and cremation of the Buddha, preserved in the Buddhist canon, states that OHC-Clghth p0rt10n of the ashes was presented to the Sakiya clau, and that they built a I/zzzpa or memorial mound, over it 1

Mr Peppé presented the coffer and vases with specimens of the jewelry to the museum at Calcutta where they still are. He also gave specimens of the trinkets to the Asiatic Society in London.

l'eppe's original article is in the Tazffm/I of the Royal Asiatic S0(l('l for 1898, pp 573 sqq Cornmcrts upon lt, one or two of tllem S(€])l§ lCd.l, are 1n the same jour. al 1898, pp 579, 588, 387, 868, 1599- 1> 425. 19011 P 398, 199= r 679; 1906- PP 149 scifi See also A Barth, Complex rendue of Varademte des mscmptzons (1598), , 147, 233, Sylvain Levy Journal des sat/ants (1905) pp 540 sqq; and R Plschel and Rlys Davids as quoted above. (T. W. R. D.)

PIQUA, a city of Miami county Ohio, U S A., on the Miami Ru er and the Miami & Erie Canal, 73 m W. by N of Columbus. Pop (IQQO). 9000, (1900), 12,172, of whom 901 were foreign-born and 427 were negroes, (1910 census), 13,388. It is served by the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago & St Louis, and the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton railways, and by inter-urban electric lines to Lima, Dayton and Covington. It has a park, a public library and a public hospital. There are quarries of blue limestone in the yicinlty The city has various manufactures the factory products being valued in 1905 at $4,035,706 The municipality owns and operates its waterworks. On or near the site of Piqua was one of the principal villages of the Chillicothe division of the Shawnee tribe, the village also was Called Chillicothe. It was destroyed by George Rogers Clark in 17%2 A town was laid out here in IROQ under the name of

ashing ton, and the present name, that of another division

of the Shawnee tribe, was substituted i11 1823. Piqua was chartered as a city in 1846 During the French and Indian War, in 1763 a battle was fought in this vicinity chiefly between the)II¢ll'111S, yandots, Ottawas and other Indian allies of the French and the Delawares, Shawnees, Cherokees, Catawbas and other Indian allies of the English, the English allies making an unsuccessful attempt to drive the French allies from their fortihed position, Fort Piqua.

See Henry Howe, Hzsmrzcal Collectwns of Ohio (Columbus, 1891).

PIQUET, a game at cards, probably a development of 1'a1U'a, a game mentioned by Berni in 1526, la fanfic (included in Rabela1s's list, f. 1530) may be regarded as the same game. The point at piquet was anciently called rarylc The Spanish name of the game was czcatos (cezzium, a hundred). Piquet was played in England under the name of cent, or sunt, probably as early' as 1550 (cont emporaneously with the marriage of Mary to Philip of Spam) About the middle of the 17th century (shortly after the marriage of Charles I to Henrietta Maria of France) the name cent w as diopped in England, and the French equi alent, piquet, adopted It is played by two persons, with a pack of thirty-two cards-the S1CS, flves, fours, threes and tw os being thrown out from a complete pack At one time the partie was tne best of five games of a hundred up (a player not obtaining fifty losing a double game) But now the partie is generally determined in six hands, the player making the largest aggregate score being the winner The number of points won is the difference between the two scores, with a hundred Translated in Rhys Davids' Buddhzst Suttas (Oxford, 1881). added for the game. If, however, the loser fails to make a hundred in six hands, the number of points won is the sum of the two scores, with a hundred for the game. Piquet played in this way 15 called Rubzcou Pzqael.

The dealer deals twelve cards

himself, two at a t11ne, or three

to his adversary and twelve to

at a time. He then places the

eight undealt cards, called the “stock, " face downwards on the elder hand (non dealer) to take

table, the top five being for the

from first 1n exchange for his own 'l he players now look at their hands, and carte blanche (see later) having been declared, if there is one, put out (without show111g them) such cards as they deem advisable in order to 1I'11pI'OVC their hands, and take in an (, (1L1lValent number from the stock. Each player must d1seard at least one card. If the elder hand discards less than tne fue he 1s entitled to, he must state how many he leaves He IS entitled to look at the cards he leaves, replacing them face downwards on the top of the stock. The younger hand then makes the exchange from the remainder of the stock lf the elder hand leaves any of the top Frye, the younger may exchange as many as remaln 1n the stock, discarding an equal number lf the younger hand leaves an eards, he announces the number left He may look at the card>s he leaves. If he looks at them he must show them to the elder hand, afteéf the elder has named the suit he will lead first, or has led a car .

If the younger hand elects not to look at the cards left the elder cannot see them. The younger hand must make his election before he plays to the card first led, or, if so required, after the dealer has named the suit he will first lead. Each player may examine h1s own discard at any time during the hand, but he must keep It separate from his other cards

Tliue elder hand next makes a declaration of what he has in h1s han .

The “ point ” must be called first or the right to call it is lost. It IS scored by the player who announces the Slllt of greatest strength, valued thus: ace 11, court cards, 10 each, other ealds, the number of plps on each Thus if the elder hand s best su1t is ace, king, knave, nine, eight, he calls “fie cards” lf the 'oungel hand has no suit of hve cards, he says “ good " The elcier hand then says “ in spades, " or whatever the su1t may be, or shows h1s point face upwards lf the younger hand has a suit of more than five eards, he says “not good” If the younger hand has also five eards, he says “equal” or “what do they make E' ” when the elder calls “forty-eight " (or “making eight, ” short for forty-eight), The younger must not inquire what the point makes unless he has an equal number of cards. If the younger hand's five cards make less than forty-eight he says “ good ”, if exactly forty eight, he says “ equal ”; if more than forty elght he says “ not good." The player whose point IS good reckons one for each earcl of lt; if the points are equal neither player scores for point “Sequences ” are usually called next, the elder hand stating what h1s best sequence is, and the youngrr saying, “ good, " “ equal, " or “ not good, " as in the case of the point. Any three or more consecutive eards of the same sult held in hand constitute a sequenee. The order of the eards is as follows ace (highest), king, queen, knave, ten, nine, eight, seven (lowest) A sequence of three eards IS ealled a “t1eree "; of four, a “ quart "; of five, a ' qulnt ", of six, a “ sixieme ”; of seven, a “ septieme ”, of eight, a “ hu1t1éme ” A tieree of ace, king, queen IS ealled a “ tlerce major ”, a tlerce of klng, queen, knave IS called a “ tierce to a king” (and sc on for other 1ntermed1ate sequences according to the eard which heads them); a tleree of nlne, eight, seven 1s called a “t1erce n11nor." Sequenees of four or more cards follow the same nomenclature; eg aee, king, queen, knave is a quart majoi, knave, tcn, n1ne eight, is a quart to a knave; and so 011 A sequenee of a greater number of eards IS good against a sequence of a snialler number; thus, a quart minor 1s good against a tlcree 1113 ]O1 As between sequences COI'1lfa1Illl1g the same number of eards, the one headed by the highest card 1s good; thus, a quart to a queen ls good against a quart to a knave. Only identleal sequences can be equal The player whose sequenee ls good reekons one for eaeh eard of lt, and ten 111 additlon for qulnts or higher sequences. Thus a tierce counts three; a quart, four, a quint fifteen, a SIXIOITIC, sixteen, and so on lf the elder hand's sequence 1s good, he names the sult, or shows it face upwards If the highest sequenee (or the sequence first called) 1s good, all lower sequences can be reckoned, notwithstanding that the adversary has a sequence of intermediate value For example, A has a quart to a queen (good,) and a tieree minor He calls and reckons seven, notwithstanding that B has a quart to a knave. B's quart counts nothing lf the highest sequence is equal, neither player scores anything for sequence, even though one player may hold a second sequence of equal or inferior yalue “ Quatorzes " and “ trios " are the next calls “ Quatorzes' are composed of four aces, four kings, four queens, four knaves, or four tens, in order of value; “ tr1os" of three of any of these A quatorze, if good, reckons fourteen; a trio, 1f good, reckons three; one that 15 good establishes any smaller quatorzes or tr1os in h1s hand

When the elder hand has done calling he leads a card. Before