d. 0r tho silicates, R"2SiO4.

Ne heline .... K2Na¢AlgSi9O% .... H5 smiiaiite .... Na <A1C1>A1 < »o.> c Lazurite] .... Na4(Na5a.Al)Ala(S10a)s C (Lapis-lazuli) Grossularite] Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 .... C (Cinnamon-stone)-Pyrope Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 C Almandine FeaAl2(SiO4)a . C Andradite] Ca3Fe2(SiO4)s C (Demantoid) Olivine .... (Mg, Fe)2SiO4 O (Chrysolite, Peridot) Phenacite .... Be2SiO4 R4 Willemite .... Zn2SiO4 .... R4 Dioptase R4 - M H4 6 ls 25 5°aP°1'f° - - - 'inNa A1 si 0 c11r ° ' T3 Vesuvianite H2Ca5(Al, Fe)3Si5O1g T Zircon .. ZrSiO4 . .. T (Hyacinth, jacinth, jargoon) Thorite .... ThSiO4 T Danburite . .. CaB2(SiO4)2 O Topaz [Al(F, OH)]2SiO4 O Andalusite. Al2SiO5 O Sillimanite. .Al2SiO5 O Cyanite Al2SiO5 A Datolite HCaBSiO5 M Euclase HBeAlSiO5 .. . M Zoisite Ca2(AlOH)Al2(SiO4)3 O Epidote Ca2(AlOH) (Al, Fe)2(SiO4)3 M Axinite HCaaBAl2(SiOi)4 A Pl'€l'1l'1lt€ HzCa2Al2(SlO4)3 O2 e. Subsilicates. Humite ... Mg5[Mg(F, OH)]2(SiO4);¢ O Hemimorphite H2Zn2SiO5 .... O2 Tourmaline (H2, Na2, Mg)3(Al, Fe)6(BOH)4 (Rubellite) Si O38 . ... R2 Staurolite . HFeAl5Si2O|3 . O B. Hydrous Silicates Apophyllite H1KCa4(SiO3)@+4%H2O. T Heulandite H4CaAl2(SiO3). +3H2O M g' Phillipsite (K2, Ca)Al2(SiO3)4+4H2O M 2 Harmotome H2(Kz|Ba)Al2(SiO3)5-|-5H2O M O Stilbite § CaAl2(SiOa)c+6H2O M 3 Chabazite Ca, Na2)Al2(SiO4)2-I-4H2O, &c R 2 Analcite NaAl(SiO3)2-l-H20 C S Natrolite Na2Al2Si3Oio'|'2H2O O N SC()i€Clt€ CaAl2Sl3O10+3H2O ri Muscovite H2KAl3(SiO.i)3 M § = Lepidolite KLi[Al(OH, F)2]Al(SiOs)a M 2 2 Biotite (H, K)2(Mg, Fe)2Al2(SiO4)3, &c.M O Phl0gopite [H, K, (MgF)]:ilVlgaAl(SiO4)3 M Clintonite H2(Fe, Mg)Al2SiO7, &c. M Chlorite H (Mg, Fe)5Al2Si3O1a &c. M Serpentine HiMg3Si2O9 .. M Talc H2Mg3(SiOa)4 M Meerschaum H4Mg2S1301D Amorphous Kaolin . H4Al2Si2O9 M (Bole, Clay) Pyrophyllite HAl(SiO3)2 M? Allophane Al2SiO5+5H2O Amorphous Chrysocolla CuSiO3+2H2O, , C. Titano-silicates, Titanates Sphene . CaTiSiO5 M Perofskite CaTiO3 Pseudo-C 3. N1o1sATEs, TANTALATES. Columbite (Fe, Mn)(Nb, Ta)¢O5 O 4. PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, &c A. Anhydrous Phosphates, &'c. Monazite . (Ce, La, Di)PO4 M Beryllonite NaBePO4. O Apatite [Ca(F, Cl)]Cai(PO4)3 H2 (Phosphorite) Pyromorphite (PbCi)Pb4(PO4)3 H2 = Minietite (PbCl)Pb4(AsO4)a H2 Vanadinite (PbCl)Pb4(VO4)a H2 Amblygonite Li(AlF)PO4 ' A B. Basic Phosphates, &'c Olivenite Descloizite Clinoclasite C. Hydrous Phosphates, €a'c Vivianite . . Erythrite Annabergite Wavellite . . Cu2(OH)AsO4 O (Pb, Zn)2(OH)VO4 O CU3(OH)3ASO4 M F€3(PO4)2'l'8H2O M CO3(ASO4)2+8H2O M Ni3(AsO4)2+8H2O M Al3(OH)s(PO4)2“l'4iH2O O Turquoise. [Al(OH)2, Cu(OH), H]3PO4Amor8h 2 Pharmacosiderite F€3(OH)3A5O¢ . Childrenite (Fe, lVln)Al(OH)2PO4-{-H20 O Liroconite ... CU3Al4<OH)15(ASO4)5+2OH2O M Torbernite Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2+ I2H2O T ALltLlI1lt€ C&<UO2)2(PO4)2+I2H2O O 5. BORATES. Boracite Mg7Cl2B15O30 PS€l ldO-C2 Colemanite Ca2B5O1, -|-5HzO .. 9° rl 9 3 un g sf S1 sf si 5 cm "' W €@€w§ Q""FE Qm?°°QE 'E»'§ ?é'?°'EZ°'8° "i.§ 3'2.§ °':s§ S*'=~r;;'*2°°::-U<z5;i=»-1;;'§ -5¢g=~i§ ==~e.5~w s~=-“S.~< 5<, a . s-P1f=>sf=5'§ 3 —m rn;£'1z'ff-», fr, ;'C an —5-0-Q ...-<-t V F'»'r?§ £”, :-:, T§ ~"° ":3¢§ , <m§ -5gF, T"";; . f°. eei~'€°& Y". ~s . O Q ' 0 ri N O

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E5=.. O3 5532 om§ L':°~:>v§ o Zoooo cn ZZ VII.-HYDROCARBON COMPOUNDS. 1. SIMPLE HYDRoCARBoNs Hatchettine, Ozocerite.. 2. OXYGENATED HYDROCARBONS. Amber, Retinite, Copaline, Bathvillite, Dopplerite. 3. APPENDIX T0 HYDROCARBONS Petroleum, Asphaltum, Bitumen, Elaterite, Albertite, Coal, Anthracite, Jet, Lignite REFERENCES.-Elementary introductions to the study of minerals are: E. S. Dana, Minerals and howto study them (New York, 1895); A. ] Moses and C. L Parsons, Elements of Mineralogy, Crystallography and Blowpipe Analysis from a Practical Standpoint (4th ed., New York, 1909); L. Fletcher, An Introduction to the Study of Minerals (British Museum Guide-book). A larger work on po ular lines is: R. Brauns, The Illincral Kingdom, Eng. trans. by ]. Spencer (Stuttgart, 1908, &c). Textbooks for students are: H. A. Miers, Mineralogy, an Introduction to the Scientifc Study gf Minerals (London, 1902); E. S. Dana, Textbook of Mineralogy 3rd ed., New York, 1898); and in German: C. Naumann, Elemente der Mineralogie (15th ed., by F. Zirkel, Leipzig, 1907); G. Tschermak, Lehrbuch der Mineralogie (6th ed., Vienna, 1905). The standard works of reference for descriptive mineralogy are: ] D. Dana, System of Mineralogy (6th ed., by E. S. Dana, New York, 1892); C. Hintze, Handbuch der Mineralogie (Leipzig, 1898, &c.), the latter gives full details respecting the localities of minerals; P. Groth, Chernische Krystallographie (Leipzig, 1906, &c). For special branches of mineralogy reference may be made to the following works: R. Brauns, Chemische Mineralogie (Leipzig, 1896); H. Roseubusch, Mikroskopische Physiograjzhie der Mineralien und Gesteine, Band I, Die petrographisch-wichtigen Mineralien, 4th ed., by H. Rosenbusch and E. A. Wiilfing (Stuttgart, 1904-1905); J. P. Iddings, Rock Minerals (New York, 1906); P. Groth, T abellarische Ubersicht der Mineralien (4th ed., Braunschweig, 1898); G. P. Merrill, The Non-metallic Minerals, their Occurrence and Uses (New York, 1904); G. J. Brush, Manual of Determinative Mineralogy (16th ed., by S. Pentield, New York, 1903); M. Bauer, Edelsteinkunde (2nd ed., Lei zig, 1909), and Eng. trans. Precious Stones, by L . ]. Spencer (Londiim, 1904). The more important topographical works are: R. P. Greg and N. G. Lettsom, Manual of the Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland (London, 1858); ]. H. Collins, Handbook to the Mineralogy of Cornwall and Devon (Truro, 1871); M. F. Heddle, Mineralogy of Scotland (2 vols., Edinburgh, 1901); A. Lacroix, Minéralogie de la France et de ses colonies (3 vols., Paris, 1893, &c.); O. Luedecke, Die Minerale des Harzes (Berlin, 1896); A. Frenzel, Mineralogisches Lexicon fur das Konigreich Sachsen (Leipzig, 1874); A. Kenngott, Die Minerale der Schweiz (Leipzig, 1866); V von Zepharovich, Mineralogisches Lexicon fur das Kaiserthum Osterreich (3 vols., Vienna, 1859-1893); N. von Koksharov, Materalien zur Mineralogie Russlands (11 vols., St Petersburg, 1853-1882); T. Wada, Minerals of Japan (Tokyo, 1904); A. Liversidge, The Minerals of New South Wales, &c. (London, 1888); O. B. Boggild, Mineralogia Groenlandica (Copenhagen, 1905); A Catalogue of American [U S A. and Canada] Localities oif Minerals is given in Dana's System of Mineralogy. The fol owing scientific journals are devoted to mineralogy: Neues Jahrbuch fair Mineralogie, &c. (Stuttgart, since 1807); Tschermaks Iilineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen (Vienna, since 1872); The Mineralogical Magazine and Journal of

the Mineralogical Society (London, since 1876); Zeitschrift fur