pendence and freedom ; but a people must be of a piece with their institutions. — Where the laws equalise all the inhabitants of a state, the laws, and not the makers of them, are the habitual objects of popular respect; but where privileged orders exist, as in free monarchies'//^ mast, the makers of the laws are from habit the objects of reverence, and the lazvs are reverenced with them. In a Republic, therefore, the external distinctions we have been discussing would be useless, be- cause there are no distinct orders to be main- tained ; but in a Monarchy they are important, because the whole frame of such a state being supported by personal privileges and gradations, if that system were disturbed the authority of the laws would be disturbed also. ¬" This is, perhaps, exemplified in the magistracy of our City of London, where the elections are popular in the extreme; but being in the very focus of a monarchy, and the monarchical feeling predominating in the pomp and ceremonies which peculiarly distinguish its government, the ¬c 3 magistrates, ¬ /n