ox CKKTALN ANCIKNT KNAMELS. 61

Constantinople till the Uogeship oi" Unlelafo Faliero, iu 1 Id.! Cicognara not believing it possible that the work should bo so long in progress, comes to the conclusion that the Pala must have been sent to W'nicc soon after it was ordered, and was only altered and reconstructed with additions by Faliero. At any rate the inscription on the Pala itself records, that in 1105, under the Doge Ordelafo, it was made new {jiovafdda ftiit) ; that it was renewed under the Doge Pietro Ziani, in 1209, and that it was ultimately restoi'cd and enriched with gems by the Doge Andrea Dandolo, in 1345.^ On examining carefully the engravings given by Cicognara and Du Sommerard of the altarpiece, and some of its details, 1 feel convinced that the six large subjects at the top, the Archangel Michael, the twelve archangels, and four of the prophets, which all have Greek inscriptions, are of the same date and workmanshii) as the figures of the Empress Irene and the Doge Faliero. They must, therefore, have been made about 1105, and at Constantinople. The remainder of the enamelled medallions, amongst which occur repetitions of the subjects enumerated above, though in a different style, and which are accompanied by Latin inscriptions, must thei'c- fore belong to the alteration made by Pietro Ziani, in 1201), and may have been made either by native artists, or Byzantine workmen residing at Venice. Lastly, the setting and silver work of the whole, which is very Gothic in its details, and contains some beautiful heads of saints in silver, belong to the renewals of Andrea Dandolo, in 1345. We learn from an inscription which has come to light during recent repairs, that Giambattista Bonesegna was employed in their execu- tion in 1342. The general effect of this altarpiece is very gorgeous ; the art displayed in it is necessarily somewhat limited, owing to the unmanageable nature of the materials.' ' Tliese inscriptions are as follows : — Ecclesiam Marci veneranilani jure beati "Anno niilleno centeno jiingito quinto Do Lauredanis Marco Frescoquc Ciuirino TuncOrdelaiihusFaledrusinurbcducabat Tunc vctus li;ec pala geuiniis pretiosa Hiuc nova facta fuit gemmis ditissiniapala, novatur." Ciuiercnovatafuitte,Petre,ducante Ziani ' Lord Lindsay, in speaking of the Et procurabat tunc Angelus acta Faledrus Byzantine art of the tenth and eleventh Anno milleno bis centeno que noveno centuries, characterises the I'ala d'Oro Post <iuadrageno quinto post luille tre- as "an accumulation of sculpture and centos painting of the most wretched descrip- Dandolus Andrea preclarus honore du- tion," and compares it, much to its dis- cabat paragenient, with the ivory carvings on Nobilibusque viris tunc procurantibus the Bamberg missals noticed above. Now, almam the only sculpture in the I'ala is sonic