132 NOTICES OF ANCIENT ORNAMENTS,

viously caused the use of a pipe, {fistula, jtijja, si/phon,pucjillaris, canna, or calamus ;) the wme was thus drawn from the chalice by suction. This custom, long retained at Chmy, St. Denis, and other monasteries, as also at the coronation of the kings of France^, is now only observed by the Pope. It is sup- ]DOsed to have been of high antiquity, and was not unknown in Britain, as appears by the inventory of vessels and vestments given to the church of Exeter by Bishop Leofric, {circa A.D. 104G,) amongst which were five silver chalices, and one " sil- frene pipe," the Anglo-Saxon term whereby the _^s^iJa appears to be designated in a contemporary inventory^. Florence of Worcester likewise states that William Rufus, after his coro- nation, A.D. 1087, bestowed upon the chief churches in the realm precious gifts, "■fistulas sacred vessels and ornaments. This tube was occasionally fixed permanently in the chalice, according to the minute directions given by Theophilusi. The Greek Church had adopted the usage of dipping the bread in the wine, the administration being made with a spoon, {lahida,) a practice supposed by some to have been not wholly unknown in the Western Chm-ch^, bat the spoon, or cochlear, frequently named with the chalice in inventories, appears to have been used in pouring the wine and water thereinto, and in some instances to have served as a strainer^, properly called colatorium, for the formation of which detailed instruc- tions are given by Theophilus. To enumerate and explain the various artistic processes,- which, according to the curious descriptions preserved in ancient documents, were employed to enrich these accessories of the service of the altar, would extend this notice beyond the limits suitable to the Archaeological Journal. If any of our readers should desire to ascertain the customary and appropriate character of these decorations, the inventories of St. Paul's, London, A.D. 1295, of Lincoln cathedral, York Minster, and other churches, published by Dugdale, will be found to supply abnnlant information. With regard, how- s See the History of the Abbey of St. ^ See Ducange, v. Suiiiptorium. Denis, by Doublet, p. 334. Representat'ons • Doublet, Hist, de S. Denis, p. 334. of the fislula are piven by F. de Berlendis, A golden clialice, paten, and spoon, are Dissert, de Oblationibus, p. 148. Martene enumerated amongst the sumptuous orna- de Ant. Hit, lib. ii. c. 4. ments of the cliapel of Richard II. at " MS. Bibl. Bodl. iMon. Ang. i. 221. Windsor, A.D. 1384. In a MS. inventory ' VAt. L'Escalopier, pp. 177, 291. Sec of tlie vessels at Bayeux cathedral, occur also Lindanus, Tanoplia Evang. p. 342. " un calice d' argent— avec une cuillere a Voyage Litt. ii. p. fil. servir I'oau." A.D, 1476.