ON THE TORC OF THE CELTS.

371 triumphsP. Its first appearance in Italian art is upon the As of Ariniinnm, out of which town the GalU Senones chased tlie Etruscans B.C. 376, and cstabhslicd them- selves in the locality. One hundred aiul six years after- wards the Romans sent a colony to this city^ for the Senones joined the great league of Central Italy against Rome, and were defeated at the l)attle of Sentini B.C. 205. The torcpies is here also of funi- cular type, placed round the neck of the moustached Gaulish hero, whose head forms the obverse of the As grave of this town, and as the monetary issue probably took place soon after the occupation of the (iauls, as stated by Lenormant, we have here the actual tor([ues of the fourth century before our a;ra^ It is as will be seen funicular, but it is not evident either from the plates of Tessieri, or from the specimens I have examined, how it was attached, as it does not appear open in front. In B.C. 361, on the march of the Gauls to the Anio, T. iManlius Torquatus took as the spoil of the Gaul he had killed in single combat, the gold torques which adorned the neck of his prostrate enemy ^ This torques is represented placed on the obverse of a dena- rius* of the Manila family struck by L. Torquatus a.v.c. 691- 707, and is funicular,terminating in bulbs at the ends. The torques was ahvays retained as the badge of the Manlia family ; it occurs on the denarii of T). Silamis, ])()ssibly the consul a.v.c. 675 ; he was a descendant of I). Junius Silanus who was disin- herited by Manlius Torquatus^, and subsequently adopted into the Julian family. Also on the denarius of L. Sylla, minted Denarius of ihe Manlia Family. P Valer. Max. iii. c. ii, ?. 26. ibid. iv. 8 c. 1. Plin. viii. c. 27. Aul. CJtll. xi. c. 11, &c. Dion. Hal. viii. 10. Soliii. Poly- liist. c. Fulgent, de prise. Sermon. Cicero. Fin. 11. 22. Offic. iii. 31. Cell. ix. Ani- niian. Marccll. p. 22G — 228. ed. Merceri. Maichi et Tessieri Aes Grave. Classe iv. tav. I. ■■ Lenormant, Revue Numismatique. 1 8 Ik » Liv. vii. c. 10. ' Moiell. Thes. Num. p. 200. the horse- man on the reverse is supposed to be Manlius Torquatus himself; ibid. This torques was taken from the family by Cali- gula. Sueton. Vit. Calig. c. 3.5. For tliis object being sold, cf. I'lin. xxxiii. 1. Flor. I. c. 13. •' .Morell. Thes. Num. U. p. 222. tab. L