a needless interference on the part of the United States. Moreover, it was a matter constantly open to the obscrvation of all friendly Indians that the hostiles, who were continually plundering and attacking emigrant trains, made, on the whole, more profit out of war than they made out of peace. On the North Platte road during this ycar the Pawnees alono had stolen several thousands of dollars' worth of goods; and, in addition to this, there was the pressure of publie sentiment-a thing which is as powerful among Indians as among whites. It was popalar to be on the war-path: the whites were invaders; it was brave and creditable to slay them. Taking al! these things into acconnt, it was only to be wondered at that these Cheyennes, Arapahoes, and Sioux kopt to the provisions of their treaty at all some bands of the Sioux continued peaceable and friendly; and in 1855 they begged teach then how to farm; also with a blacksnith. Their agent strougly recommends that this be done, saying that there is not "in the whole Indian country a more favorable location for a farm for grazing stock and game than the South Platte Nevertheless, the Cheyennes, Arapahoes, and to be supplied with a farmer to In a vory short period of time the Arapahoes and Cheyewnes would becomc fixed and settled, and a part of cach tribe-the old women and men--would become agrieulturists; rude, it is true, yet sufficiently skilful to raise corn, potatoes, and beans, and dwell in cabins or ixed habitations."

In the summer of 1856 the Cheyennes were, by a disastrous accident, forced into the position of hostiles. A small war band went out to attack the Pawnees; they were in camp near the North Platte road: as the mail-wagon was the Cheyennes ran toward it to beg tobaceo. rier, terrified, fired on them, and the Indians fired back, wounding him; the chiefs rushed ont, stopped the firing, explained the matter, and then severely flogged the Indians who had re- passing, two of The mail-car- turned the mail-carrier's fire. But the mischief had been done.