scalps."—Sketches of the History, Manners, and Customs af the North American Indians, by JAMES BUCHANAN, 1824

There was a constant rivalry between the Governmcnts of Great Britain, France, and the United States as to whicli of them sliould secure the scrvices of the barbarians to sealp their white enemies, while cach in turn was the loudest to denounce the shocking barbarities of such tribes as they failed to secure in their own service; and the civilized world, aghast at these hor rid recitals, ignores the fact that nearly every important niassacrc in the history of North America was organized and direeted by ageuts of some one of these Governments."--GALE, Upper Mississippi

ART, 6th of the treaty of Oct. 14tlh, 1865, between the United States and the chiefs and headmen representing the confederated tribes of the Arapahoe and Cheyenne Indians:

"The United Statcs being desirous to express its condemnation of, and as far as may be repudiate the gross and wanton outrages perpetrated against certain bands of Cheyeune and Arapahoe Indians by Coloncl J. M. Chivington, in comnand of United States troops, on the 20th day of November, 1864, at Sand Creek, in Colorndo Territory, while the said Indians were at peace with the United States and under its flag, whose protection they had by lawful authority been promised and induced to seek, and the Government, being desirous to make some suitable reparatíon for the injuries thus done, will grant 320 acres of land by patent to eaeh of the following namcd chiefs of said bands,* and will in like manner grant to eaeh other person of said bands made a widow, or wlo lost a parent on that occasion, 100 acres of land. ***The United States will alsq pay in United States securities, animals, goods, provisions, or such other useful articles as may in the discretion of the Secretary of the Interior be deemed best adapted to the respective wants and conditions of tlhe persons named in the schedule hereto annexed, they being present aud members of the bands who suffered at Sand Creek on the occasion aforesaid, the sums set opposito their names respectively, as a compensation for property belonging to them, and then and there destroyed or taken from them by the United States troops aforesaid."