says: "While the rebelling of a large portion of most of these tribes abrogates treaty obligations, and placcs them at our mercy, the very important fact should not be forgotten that the Government first wholly failed to tions with those pcople, and in proteeting them, by withdraw- ing all the troops from the forts in Indian Territory, and lear- ing the at the mercy of the rebcls. lt is a well-known fact that self-preservation in many instances compelled them to make the best terms they could with the rcbels."

kcep its trenty stipula Nevertheless they the "best terms they could with the rebels abrogates treaty obligations," The trite old proverb about the poorness of rules that do not work both ways scems to be applicable here.

With a recuperative power far in adrance of that shown by any of the small wlite communities at the South, the Chero- keos at once addressed themselves to rebnilding their homes and reconstructing their national life. In onco year they estab lished fifteen new schools, set all their old industries going, and in 1869 held a large agricultural fair, which gare a creditable exhibition of stock and farm produce. Thus a sccond time they recovercd themsclves, after what would seem to be well nig their destruction as a pcople. But the Indian's fate of perpctual insecurity, alarm, and unrest does not abandon them In 1870 they curity of their possession of the lands thoy occupy." asked why thcir high-schools are not re-established, reforms in troduced into the administration of justice, desirable improve- ments undertaken, the reply inevitably comes, "We expeet to have our lands taken away: what is the use of all that when are "at onr mercy," because their making are said to be "extremely uneasy about the se TWhen onr doom as a nation is sealed ?"

"Distrust is firmly soated in their minds. National apathy depresses them, and until they realize a that their title to their lands will be respected, and that treatics are an inviolable law for all parties, the Cherokees will not fceling of assurance