women who has borne and raised up warriors." She proceed- ed to say, " I am fond of hearing that there is a peace, and I hope you have now taken us by the hand in real friendship. I have a pipc and a little tobacco to give the commissioners to smoke in friendship. I look on you and the red people children. Yor having deternmined on peace is most pleasing to me, for I have seetn much trouble during the late war. I am old, bt I hope yet to boar children who will grow np and peo- ple our nation, as we aro now to be nnder the protcction of Congress, and shall have no disturbanec."

A brief summary of the events whieh followed on the nego- tiation of this treaty may be best given in the words of a re port made by the Secretary of War to the President four ycars later. In July, 1789, General Knox writes as follows of the Cherokees: This nation of Indians, consisting of separate as my are seated principally villages, towns or on the head-waters of Their hunting- the Tennessce, which runs into tlhe Ohio grounds extend from the Cumberland River along the frontiers of Virginia, North and South Carolina, and part of Georgia

"The frequent wars they have had with the fronticr people of the said States have greatly diminished their number. The commissioners estimated them in November, 1785, at 2000 warriors, but they probable they may be lessuned since by the depredations com were estimated in 1787 at 2650; yot it is mitted on them.

The United States concluded a treaty with the Cherokees at Hopewell, on tho Keowee, the 28th of November, 1785, whieh is entered on the printod journals of Congress April 17th, 1786. The negotiations of the commissioners on the part of the United States are hereunto annexed, marked A. It will appear by the papers marked B. that the State of North Carolina, by their agent, protested aguinst the said treaty as in fringing and violating the legislative rights of that State.

"By a variety of evidenec which has been submitted to the