Severalty," he says: "It is donbtfnl whether any high degrec of civilization is possible withont individual ownership of land The records of the past, and the experience of the present, tes- tify that the soil should be made secure to the individual by all the guarantees which law can devise, aud that nothing less will induce men to put forth their best exertions. It is essen- tial that cach individual should feel that his home is his own that he has a dircet personal interest in the soil on which he lives, and that that interest will be faithfally protected for him and for his children by the Government."

The commissioner and the sceretary who wrote these clear statements of evident truths, and these eloquent pleas for the Indians' rights, both knew perfcetly well that hundrods of In- dians had had lands "allotted to them " in preciscly this way, and had gone to work on the lands so allotted, trusting that that interest wonld be faithfully protected by the Govern ment;" and that these "allotments," and the "certificates" of them, had proved to be good for nothing as soon as the citizens of a State uited in a "demand" that tlhe Indians should be mored. The commissioner and the secretary knew perfectly well, at the time they wrote thcse paragraphs, that in this one Winnebago tribe iu Nebraska, for instance, "every head of a family owned cighty aeres of land," and was hard at work on it-industrious, sclf-supporting, trying to establish that "hearth- stonc" aronnd which, as the sceretary says, le must "gather his family, and in its possession be entirely seenre and indo- pendent. the moving of this Winnebago tribe to Indian Territory with the rest: "all the Indians in Kansas, Nebraska, and Dakota" conld probably be "induced to move," they say.

These quotations from this report of the Interior Department are but a fair specimen of the velvet glove of high-sonnding phrase of philanthropic and humanc care for the Indian, by wlich has been most effectually hid from the sight of the And yet the secretary and the commissioner advise