< Encyclopædia Britannica, Ninth Edition
Volume II
Anaxagoras — Athenry
An Ao – Aq Ar As – At
  • Aosta, town, Italy.
  • Apamea, ancient towns of Syria, Phrygia, and Mesopotamia.
  • Apanage, feudal term.
  • Apatin, town, Hungary.
  • Apaturia, Greek festival.
  • Ape, zoological group.
    • The Anatomy of Apes.
    • Distribution in Time.
    • Geographical Distribution.
    • Zoological Position and Affinities of Apes.
  • Apeldoorn, town, Netherlands.
  • Apellas, Greek sculptor.
  • Apelles, Greek painter.
  • Apennines, mountains, Italy.
  • Apenrade, town, Prussia.
  • Aphasia, disease.
  • Aphorism.
  • Aphrodite, Greek goddess (the Roman Venus).
  • Apicius, Roman epicures.
  • Apion, Greek grammarian.
  • Apis, Egyptian diety.
  • Apocalypse, book of Scripture.
  • Apocalyptic Literature.
    • Jewish Apocalyptic.
    • Christian Apocalyptic.
  • Apocrypha.
  • Apolda, town, Germany.
  • Apollinaris Sidonius, early Christian writer.
  • Apollinaris, Sulpicius, grammarian of Carthage.
  • Apollo, Greek god.
  • Apollo Belvidere, statue.
  • Apollodorus, Greek painter.
  • Apollodorus, Athenian grammarian.
  • Apollodorus, Roman architect.
  • Apollonia, ancient towns.
  • Apollonius, Molo, Greek rhetorician.
  • Apollonius, Dyscolus, grammarian.
  • Apollonius, Rhodius, Greek epic poet.
  • Apollonius of Tralles, sculptor.
  • Apollonius, Alexandrian grammarian.
  • Apollonius, Pergæus, Greek geometrician.
  • Apollonius, Tyanæus, philosopher and magician.
  • Apollos, of Scripture.
  • Apologetics, in theology.
  • Apologue, fable.
  • Apophthegm.
  • Apoplexy, disease.
  • Apostasy.
  • Apostle, of Scripture.
  • Apostles' Creed.
  • Apostolic, designation of churches.
  • Apostolic Canons.
  • Apostolic Constitutions.
  • Apostolic Fathers.
  • Apostolici, Christian sects.
  • Apostolius, Michael, Greek theologian.
  • Apothecary.
  • Apotheosis, deification.
  • Appalachian Mountains, North America.
  • Apparitions.
  • Appeal, in law.
  • Appendini, Francesco Maria, Italian historian.
  • Appenzell, canton and town, Switzerland.
  • Apperley, Charles James, sporting writer.
  • Appia Via (Appian Way), of Claudius.
  • Appian, Greek historian.
  • Appiani, Andrea, Italian painter.
  • Appius Claudius (See Claudius).
  • Apple, tree and fruit.
  • Appleby, town, England.
  • Appraiser, valuator.
  • Apprenticeship.
  • Apricot, tree and fruit.
  • Apries, Egyptian king.
  • April, month.
  • A Priori, in philosophy.
  • Apse, in architecture.
  • Apsheron, peninsula, Caspian Sea.
  • Apt, town, France.
  • Apuleius, Lucius, Latin romance writer.
  • Apulia, district, Italy.
  • Apure, river, Venezuela.
  • Apurimac, river, Peru.
  • Aquambo, country, West Africa.
  • Aquapim, country, West Africa.
  • Aquarians, early Christian sect.
  • Aquarium.
  • Aqueduct.
  • Aquila, town, Italy.
  • Aquila, translator of Old Testament.
  • Aquila, Caspar, German theologian.
  • Aquila, Serafino dell', Italian poet.
  • Aquileia, ancient town, Italy.
  • Aquillius, Manius, Roman consul.
  • Aquinas, Thomas, scholastic philosopher.
  • Aquitania, division of Gaul.
  • Arabesque, ornamentation.
  • Arabgir, town, Turkey in Asia.
  • Arabia.
  • Arabian Philosophy.
  • Arabian Sea.
  • Arabici, Christian sect.
  • Aracati, town, Brazil.
  • Arachnida, class of animals.
  • Arad, town, Hungary.
  • Arafat, mountain, Arabia.
  • Arago, François J. D., French physicist.
  • Aragon, province, Spain.
  • Aragona, town, Sicily.
  • Araguaya, river, Brazil.
  • Arahal, town, Spain.
  • Arakán, division, British Burmah.
  • Aral, Sea or Lake of, Asia.
  • Aram, Eugene, murderer.
  • Aramaic Languages.
  • Aran Islands, Ireland.
  • Aranda, Count of, Spanish statesman.
  • Aranjuez, town, Spain.
  • Ararat, mountains, Armenia.
  • Aras, river, Turkey in Asia.
  • Aratus of Sicyon, ruler.
  • Aratus of Soli, Greek poet.
  • Araucania, territory, South America.
  • Araucaria, genus of trees.
  • Aravalli Hills, India.
  • Arbaces, founder of Median empire.
  • Arbela, ancient town, Asiatic Turkey.
  • Arbitrage, in stock-broking.
  • Arbitration.
  • Arboga, town, Sweden.
  • Arbois, town, France.
  • Arbor Vitæ, coniferous tree.
  • Arboriculture.
    • Trees suited for Particular Purposes.
    • Roadside Trees and Hedges.
    • Coppice.
    • Ornamental Trees and Shrubs.
    • Propagation and Culture in the Nursery.
    • The Formation and Management of Plantations.
  • Arbroath, town, Scotland.
  • Arbuthnot, John, English writer.
  • Arc, Joan of (Joan of Arc, q.v.).
  • Arcade, in architecture.
  • Arcadia, country, ancient Greece.
  • Arcesilaus, Greek philosopher.
  • Arch, in building.
  • Archæology.
    • Classical Archæology.
      • First Period.
      • Second Period.
      • Third Period.
      • Fourth Period.
      • Fifth Period.
  • Archangel, government and town, Russia.
  • Archbishop, ecclesiastical dignitary.
  • Archdeacon, ecclesiastical dignitary.
  • Archduke, title.
  • Archelaus, Greek philosopher.
  • Archelaus, king of Macedonia.
  • Archelaus, Greek general.
  • Archelaus, king of Judea.
  • Archelaus, Greek sculptor.
  • Archena, town, Spain.
  • Archery.
    • The Royal Company of Archers.
    • Practical Archery.
  • Arches, Court of.
  • Archidona, town, Spain.
  • Archil, purple dye.
  • Archilochus, Greek poet.
  • Archimandrite, title in Greek Church.
  • Archimedes, mathematician and inventor.
  • Archimedes, Screw of.
  • Archipelago, Grecian.
  • Architecture.
    • Prehistoric Structures.
    • Egyptian Architecture.
    • Jewish Architecture.
    • Indian Architecture.
    • Assyrian Architecture.
    • Persian Architecture.
    • Architecture of Asia Minor.
    • Grecian Architecture.
    • Etruscan Architecture.
    • Roman Architecture.
    • Pointed Architecture.
    • Modern Italian School of Architecture.
    • Modern English Architecture.
    • Saracenic Architecture.
    • Chinese Architecture.
    • Ancient American Architecture.
    • Present Position of Architecture.
    • On the Application of Colour to Architecture.
    • Alphabetical Index.
    • Glossary of Architectural Terms.
  • Archives.
  • Archon, Athenian magistrate.
  • Archytas, of Tarentum, philosopher.
  • Arcis-sur-Aube, town, France.
  • Arcos de la Frontera, town, Spain.
  • Arcot, districts and town, India.
  • Arctic Ocean.
  • Ardea, ancient town, Italy.
  • Ardebil, town, Persia.
  • Ardèche, department, France.
  • Ardelan, province, Persia.
  • Ardennes, department, France.
  • Ardfert, village, Ireland.
  • Ardglass, town, Ireland.
  • Ardoch, parish, Scotland.
  • Ardres, town, France.
  • Ardrossan, town, Scotland.
  • Aremberg, town, Prussia.
  • Arendal, town, Norway.
  • Areopagus, hill, Athens.
  • Arequipa, department and town, Peru.
  • Ares, Greek god (the Roman Mars).
  • Areson, Jon, Icelandic poet.
  • Aretæus, Greek physician.
  • Arethusa, fountain and ancient towns.
  • Aretino, PIetro, Italian satirist.
  • Arezzo, town, Italy.
  • Argám, village, India.
  • Argelander, Friedrich W. A., German astronomer.
  • Argensola, Lupercio and Bartolomeo Leonardo, Spanish dramatist and poet.
  • Argentan, town, France.
  • Argenteuil, town, France.
  • Argentine Republic.
  • Argol, crude tartar.
  • Argonauts, of Greek legend.
  • Argonne, plateau, France.
  • Argos, ancient town, Greece.
  • Argostoli, town, Cephalonia, Greece.
  • Argovie, Swiss canton.
  • Arguin, island, West Africa.
  • Argus, in Greek legend.
  • Argyll, Earls and dukes of.
  • Argyllshire, county, Scotland.
  • Argyro-Castro, town, Albania.
  • Argyropulus, John, learned Greek.
  • Ariadne, in Greek mythology.
  • Ariano, town, Italy.
  • Arians (See Arius).
  • Arias Montanus, Benedictus, Oriental scholar.
  • Arica, town, South America.
  • Ariége, department, France.
  • Arion, Greek poet.
  • Ariosto, Lodovico, Italian poet.
  • Aristæus, in Greek legend.
  • Aristander, Greek soothsayer.
  • Aristarchus of Samothrace, grammarian.
  • Aristarchus of Samos, astronomer.
  • Aristeas, mythical poet.
  • Aristides, Athenian general.
  • Aristides, Ælius, Greek rhetorician.
  • Aristides of Thebes, Greek painter.
  • Aristides, Quintillianus, writer on music.
  • Aristippus, Greek philosopher.
  • Aristo of Chios, Stoic philosopher.
  • Aristobulus of Cassandria, general of Alexander the Great.
  • Aristobulus, Peripatetic philosopher.
  • Aristophanes, Greek dramatist.
  • Aristophanes of Byzantium, Alexandrian critic.
  • Aristotle.
  • Aristoxenus, Greek writer on music and philosopher.
  • Arithmetic.
    • Abstract Arithmetic.
    • Practical Arithmetic.
  • Arius, theologian of Alexandria.
  • Arizona, Territory, U.S.A.
  • Ark, of Noah.
  • Ark, of the Covenant.
  • Arkansas, State, U.S.A.
  • Arklow, town, Ireland.
  • Arkwright, Sir Richard, English inventor.
  • Arles, town, France.
  • Arlon, town, Belgium.
  • Armada, Spanish.
  • Armadillo, family of Edentata.
  • Armagh, county and town, Ireland.
  • Armagnac, district, France.
  • Armenia, country, Western Asia.
  • Armenian Church, The.
  • Armenian Language.
  • Armenian Literature.
  • Armenian Version, of the Bible.
  • Armentières, town, France.
  • Armfelt, Count, Swedish general.
  • Arminius, James, Dutch theologian.
  • Armistice, in war.
  • Arms and Armour.
  • Armstrong, John, English writer.
  • Army.
    • Early Armies.
    • Modern Armies.
    • Historical Sketch of the British Army.
    • British Army as it is.
    • Indian Army.
    • Canadian Militia.
    • German Army.
    • French Army.
    • Austrian Army.
    • Russian Army.
    • Italian Army.
    • Minor European Armies.
    • Turkish Army.
    • American Army.
  • Arnaud, Henri, Waldensian leader.
  • Arnaud or Arnoldus de Villa Nova, alchemist.
  • Arnaud, Angélique, abbess of Port Royal.
  • Arnauld, Antoine, French theologian.
  • Arnauld, Jacqueline Marie, abbess of Port Royal.
  • Arndt, Ernst Moritz, German writer.
  • Arndt, John, German Protestant theologian.
  • Arne, Thomas Augustine, musical composer.
  • Arnheim, town, Netherlands.
  • Arnica, genus of plants.
  • Arnim, Bettina von, German authoress.
  • Arnim, Johan Georg, Baron von, German general.
  • Arnim, Karl Otto Ludwig von, German writer of travels.
  • Arnisæus, Henningus, German physician.
  • Arno, river, Italy.
  • Arno, archbishop of Salzburg.
  • Arnobius, the Elder, Christian writer.
  • Arnobius, the Younger, Biblical commentator.
  • Arnold of Brescia, forerunner of the Reformation.
  • Arnold, Samuel, musical composer.
  • Arnold, Thomas, headmaster of Rugby school, England.
  • Arnott, Neil, physicist.
  • Arnotto, vegetable dye.
  • Arnsberg, town, Westphalia.
  • Arnstadt, town, Germany.
  • Arok-Szallas, town, Hungary.
  • Arona, town, Italy.
  • Arpino, town, Italy.
  • Arqua, town, Italy.
  • Arques, town, France.
  • Arrack, spiritous liquor.
  • Arraignment, in law.
  • Arran, island, Scotland.
  • Arras, town, France.
  • Arrest, in law.
  • Arrestment, in Scots law.
  • Arria, wife of Cæcina Pætus.
  • Arrian, Greek historian.
  • Arrowroot.
  • Arrowsmith, family of geographers.
  • Arsacidæ, dynasty of Parthian kings.
  • Arsamass, town, Russia.
  • Arsenal.
  • Arsenic, chemical element.
  • Arson, in law.
  • Art.
  • Art and Part, in Scots law.
  • Arta, town, Albania.
  • Arta, river.
  • Arta, Gulf of, Ionian Sea.
  • Artaxerxes, kings of Persia.
  • Artedi, Peter, Swedish naturalist.
  • Artemidorus, of Ephesus, writer on dreams.
  • Artemis, Greek goddess (the Roman Diana).
  • Artemisia, queen of Halicarnassus.
  • Artemisia, wife of Mausolus, king of Caria.
  • Artesian Wells.
  • Artevelde, Jacob van, Flemish popular leader.
  • Artevelde, Philip van, popular leader.
  • Arthropoda, group of animals.
  • Arthur, early British king and hero of romance.
  • Artichoke, vegetable.
  • Articles, The Thirty-Nine, of the Church of England.
  • Articulata, division of animals.
  • Artillery.
    • Organisation, Administration, and Matériel.
    • Tactics.
  • Artois, ancient province, France.
  • Aru Islands, Moluccas.
  • Arundel, town, England.
  • Arundel, Thomas, archbishop of Canterbury.
  • Arundelian Marbles.
  • Arval Brothers, priesthood, ancient Rome.
  • Arve, river, France and Switzerland.
  • Aryan Languages and Races.
  • As, ancient Roman coin and weight.
  • Asafœtida, gum resin.
  • Asben, oasis, Central Africa.
  • Asbestos, mineral.
  • Ascalon, town of the Philistines.
  • Ascension, island, Atlantic Ocean.
  • Ascension Day, church festival.
  • Asceticism.
  • Asch, town, Bohemia.
  • Aschaffenburg, town, Bavaria.
  • Ascham, Roger, English scholar.
  • Asche, Rabbi (Rab Ashe), editor of Talmud.
  • Aschersleben, town, Prussia.
  • Asclepiades, Greek god of medicine (the Roman Æsculapius).
  • Ascoli, town, Italy.
  • Asconius Pedianus, Quintus, Roman writer.
  • Aselli, or Arsellius, Gasparo, Italian physician.
  • Asgard, in Norse mythology.
  • Asgill, John, English writer.
  • Ash, tree.
  • Ash-Wednesday.
  • Ashantee, country, West Africa.
  • Ashburton, town, England.
  • Ashby-de-la-Zouch, town, England.
  • Ashdod (Azotus, q.v.)
  • Ashford, town, England.
  • Ashton-under-Lyne, town, England.
  • Asia.
    • General.
    • Geography.
    • Geology.
    • Climate.
    • Biology.
    • Botany.
    • Zoology.
    • Ethnology.
    • History.
    • Alphabetical Index.
  • Asia Minor.
  • Askew, Anne, English martyr.
  • Asmai, or Asmayi, Arabic writer.
  • Asmodeus, evil demon, in Jewish legend.
  • Asmoneus, ancestor of the Maccabees.
  • Asolo, town, Italy.
  • Asp, poisonous snake.
  • Asparagus, vegetable.
  • Aspasia, of Miletus, Athenian hetæra.
  • Aspasius, Peripatetic philosopher.
  • Aspasius of Ravenna, rhetorician.
  • Aspen, tree.
  • Aspendus, ancient town, Asia Minor.
  • Asper, Hans, Swiss painter.
  • Asphalt, or Asphaltum, mineral.
  • Asphyxia, arrest of respiration.
  • Aspinwall, town, Panama.
  • Ass.
  • Assam, province, British India.
  • Assarotti, Ottavio G. B., teacher of deaf mutes, in Italy.
  • Assassins, Moslem sect.
  • Assault, in law.
  • Assaye, Battle of (1803).
  • Assaying, in metallurgy.
  • Asselyn, Hans, Dutch painter.
  • Assemani, family of Oriental scholars.
  • Assen, town, Holland.
  • Assens, town, Denmark.
  • Asser, John (Asserius), bishop of Sherborne, England.
  • Assessor, in law.
  • Assets, in law.
  • Assideans, or Asidæans, Jewish party.
  • Assignment, in law.
  • Assisi, town, Italy.
  • Assize, in law.
  • Association of Ideas, in philosophy.
  • Assuay, province, Ecuador.
  • Assumption, church festival.
  • Assyria.
  • Ast, George A. F., German philosopher and philologist.
  • Astarte, Phœnician goddess.
  • Astell, Mary, English authoress.
  • Aster, garden plant.
  • Asterius of Cappadocia, Arian writer.
  • Asterius of Amasia, writer of homilies.
  • Asteroids, minor planets.
  • Asthma, disease.
  • Asti, town, Italy.
  • Astor, John Jacob, American fur merchant.
  • Astorga, town, Spain.
  • Astorga, Emmanuele d', Italian musical composer.
  • Astrabad, province and town, Persia.
  • Astrakhan, government and town, Russia.
  • Astrology.
  • Astronomy.
    • History of Astronomy.
      • Astronomy of the Chaldeans, Egyptians, Phoenicians, Chinese, and Indians.
      • Astronomy of the Greeks.
      • Astronomy in the School of Alexandria.
      • Astronomy of the Arabians.
      • Revival of Astronomy in Europe.
    • Theoretical Astronomy.
      • Apparent Motion of the Star-sphere.
      • The Earth shown to be a Globe within the Star-sphere.
      • Of the Apparent Motions of the Sun.
      • The Solar Day—Equation of Time—The Seasons.
      • Apparent Motions of the Moon and Planets—Parallax.
      • Copernican System—Kepler's Laws—Gravitation—The Laws of the Solar System.
      • The Sun—Sun Spots—Rotation of the Sun—His Physical Constitution and Surroundings—Prominences—Corona—Zodiacal Light.
      • The Inferior Planets Mercury and Venus.
      • The Earth regarded as a Planet—Figure and Mass of the Earth—Procession of the Equinoxes—The Shape and Position of the Earth's Orbit—Distance from the Sun—Transit Observations.
      • The Moon—Her Phases, Parallax, Magnitude, Motions, and Probable Physical Conditions.
      • Eclipses of the Sun and Moon.
      • The Planet Mars.
      • Asteroids, or Minor Planets.
      • The Planet Jupiter.
      • The Planet Saturn.
      • The Planets Uranus and Neptune.
      • Comets.
      • The Fixed Stars and Nebulæ.
    • Bibliography.
    • Alphabetical Index.
  • Astruc, Jean, French physician.
  • Asturias, province, Spain.
  • Asuncion (Assumption), town, Paraguay.
  • Asylum, in Ancient Greece.
  • Atacama, department, Bolivia, & province, Chili.
  • Atahuallpa, Inca prince of Peru.
  • Atalanta, in Greek legend.
  • Ataxy, Locomotor, disease.
  • Atbara, affluent of the Nile, Africa.
  • Atchafalaya, river, Louisiana, U.S.A.
  • Ate, in Greek mythology.
  • Atella, town, Italy.
  • Ath, or Aeth, town, Belgium.
  • Athabasca, river and lake, North America.
  • Athaliah, of Scripture.
  • Athanasius, St, bishop of Alexandria.
  • Athelstan, or Æthelstan, Saxon king of England.
  • Athena, or Athene, Greek goddess (the Roman Minerva).
  • Athenæum, ancient academy.
  • Athenæus, Greek writer.
  • Athenagoras, Christian apologist.
  • Athenodorus, Greek sculptor & Stoic philosophers.
  • Athenry, town, Ireland.
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