​HOLTZMANN, HEINRICH JULIUS (1832-), German Protestant theologian, son of Karl Julius Holtzmann (1804-1877), was born on the 17th of May 1832 at Karlsruhe, where his father ultimately became prelate and counsellor to the supreme consistory. He studied at Berlin, -and eventually (1874) was appointed professor ordinaries at Strassburg. A moderately liberal theologian, he became best known as a New Testament critic and exegete, being the author of the Commentary on the Synoptics (1889; 3rd ed., 1901), the ]ohannine books (I8QO; 2nd ed, 1893), and the Acts of the Apostles (1991), in the series Handkommentar zum Neuen T estament. On the question of the relationship di the Synoptic Gospels, Holtzmann in his early work, Die synoptisclien E1/angelien, ihr Ursprung und geschichtlicher Charakter (1863), presents a view which has been widely accepted, maintaining the priority of Mark, deriving Matthew in its present form from Mark and from Matthew's earlier “ collection of Sayings, ” the Logia of Papias, and Luke from Matthew and Mark in the form in which we have them. Other noteworthy works are the Lehrbuch der histar.-kmlischen Einleitung in das Neue Testament (1885, 3rd ed, 1892), and the Lehrbach der neutestamentlichen T heologie (2 vols., 1896~1897). He also collaborated with R Z0 ffel in the preparation of a small Lexikon fur Theologie und Kircllienwesen (1882; 3rd ed., 1895), and in 1893 became editor of the T heal. fahresbemcht.