What sort of calculations do the miners have your computer do?

2

I recently heard of a new cryptocurrency (or maybe it's not new and I'm just out of the loop) called Gridcoin which uses your GPU/CPU/ASIC to do research calculations rather than "meaningless" calculations.

I had previously thought that Bitcoin miners have your computer do calculations required to process Bitcoin transfers, and then takes a little bit off the top as payment for doing the calculation. If that's true, then why do all the Gridcoin articles say that the calculations are useless?

I'm trying to understand the actual details behind Bitcoin further, and there's very little information out there that's accessible to the layman.

What does the miner have my computer do when I'm mining? And why weren't "more useful" cryptocurrencies such as Gridcoin developed earlier? Why does the system reward you for meaningless calculations, and how is that sustainable?

Fuzail Gilani

Posted 2015-05-05T16:31:32.090

Reputation: 21

Question was closed 2015-05-06T08:18:25.027

possible duplicate: Is there a way to set up proof-of-work systems so they would be even more useful?, Why are Bitcoin calculations "useless"?, Merge Bitcoin Mining with Fold at Home!

– Murch – 2015-05-05T16:35:04.237

1As you can see, there are a bunch of questions that might cover what you are asking. Please check them out and tell us if one of them answers your question here, otherwise, please clarify what new information you are requesting here in comparison to the linked ones. – Murch – 2015-05-05T16:42:50.407

I guess I've received answers as to why the miners/calculators do what they do, but I still don't know what they do. – Fuzail Gilani – 2015-05-06T16:57:56.840

I've updated my answer below a bit for you. – George – 2015-05-06T20:23:54.970

@FuzailGilani: Perhaps you didn't see that your question was closed as a duplicate of two other questions, the second was "What are Bitcoin miners really solving?". It should help with that aspect. Else, perhaps check out What exactly is Mining? for a less detailed overview.

– Murch – 2015-05-06T22:47:37.120

Answers

1

The calculations are fairly meaningless, it's a pot luck type process so that it is fair for all. They aren't /useless/ though - because they are what power the vast and incredibly secure Bitcoin network.

Edit (elaboration): Bitcoin hashing is sha256(sha256()) (i.e. sha256 twice.. just for extra protection from sha256 attacks).. the input to the sha256 algorithm contains various data that identifies the "solution" to the next block.. so it'll have data like the previous block hash, a timestamp, and a hash for transactions included in the block.

If a miner finds a valid solution then the node verifies and accepts it and broadcasts it to other nodes. If enough nodes receive and verify this solution then it becomes a block and all miners move on to the next block solution. Because mining is random there is no historical data lost when someone else finds a block - every miner has the same chance (proportional to their hash rate of course) - they just repeat sha256(sha256()) over and over. In order for a solution to be valid it must fit all previous blocks and must be a number low enough (defined by the current network "difficulty" level).

George

Posted 2015-05-05T16:31:32.090

Reputation: 586

Asked: 2015-05-05T16:31:32.090

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Active: 2016-02-08T12:47:56.560