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In rippled's API, for example in account_info, we can see that ledger_hash and ledger_index are different from one another. ledger_hash is just a hash of the ledger. However, in this graphic we can see that ledger_index also looks like a hash of the ledger. There doesn't appear to be an entry for ledger_index in the Wiki, so what is the difference between those two?
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The ledger_index is the 256-bit index of a particular entry in the ledger. The ledger's state tree is a hash tree of index/value pairs. Each index is a 256-bit hash of some kind of locator. If the entry is, say, an account root node, the index is a hash of the 160-bit account ID. If the entry is, say, a ripple balance node, the index is a hash of the two accounts the balance is between and the currency identifier.
The ledger_hash is the 256-bit hash of the ledger header, which effectively acts as a hash of the entire ledger.
